Details Technology and the Organization Communities: A Circumstance Analyze of Small-scale Organization Enterprises in Nigeria

Introduction

Because of to globalization of the economic system, crisis of information and facts technology, growth of the Internet and other conversation community, rising range of business enterprise transactions and increased competitors, corporations are changing the way they talk with new procedures that sharpen business enterprise overall performance. The Internet is becoming the foundation for new business enterprise designs, course of action and new ways of knowledge distribution (Laudon K.C and J.P. Laudon, 2000).

Small-scale enterprises now use the Internet and networking technology to perform more of their operate electronically, reliable linking factories, workplaces and product sales forces about the world (Dave C. 2000). This conversation evolution is ruled by utilized infrastructures with converged companies and integrated application (Lucas H.C and B. Jack, 1994). The convergence of information and facts technology is an essential trend influencing both of those existing and future markets, marketplace and technology (James, A.O, 2004). Organizations these as the stores, financial institutions and institution interviewed, are extending these networks to suppliers, prospects and other groups outdoors the firm to allow them respond right away to client demands and marketplace shifts.

Definitely, information and facts technology is bringing about variations in firm that make corporations even more dependent than in the earlier when it is dependent exclusively on the knowledge, learning and final decision creating of unique staff members. In addition to, client provider, operation, products and marketing and advertising approaches, and distribution are seriously dependent on information and facts technology (Mind K and C. Stacey, 2001).

This investigation operate examines the affect of information and facts technology on the economics of small-scale business enterprise enterprises. This is to verify the level at which information and facts technology has remodeled business enterprise procedures for precise and applications effective business enterprise management, crime fee reduction, job generation and improved protection of information and facts devices. This will support make accessible the proper sort of information and facts at the proper time put for ideal utilization of accessible methods to greatly enhance the high-quality of daily life in the human culture.

Materials and Process: In the examine, a statistical approach was adopted. Responses from the various business enterprise/institutions stores, factories, eatery, markets, financial institutions, fuel station, bakery, schools, cyber cafe, hospital, poultry, boutique, salon, phone phone centers, visitor houses and sport centers by means of the questionnaire in some chosen cities in Nigeria for over 11 months in 2008 had been technically examined and summary drawn in line with the hypothesis formulated.

Theoretical History

The self-control of information and facts concept came into aim with Claude E. Shannon’s classical paper, “A mathematical concept of conversation” in 1948. This concept discounts with the volume of information and facts and does not manage the that means of information and facts. Similarly, the concept failed to provide needed support in the structure of an information and facts program. As a consequence, the initial fascination on information and facts concept declined. On the other hand, the self-control starts to acquire popular acceptance only in the last handful of several years. This is attributed to the fact that information and facts technology now provides the assistance needed to establish an information and facts program that serves best for some precise and application (David M.K, 1992).

Details technology, as defined by the Details Technology Affiliation of America (ITAA), is the examine, structure, progress, implementation, assistance or management of computer based information and facts devices, notably computer software applications and computer hardware. Fundamentally, information and facts technology discounts with the use of electronic pcs and computer computer software to convert, store, protect, course of action, transmit and securely retrieve information and facts. Examples of information and facts technology involve individual digital assistant, individual pcs, telephones, televisions and so on (Mind K.C and C.S. Stacey, 2001).

These days, the terms information and facts technology has ballooned to encompass lots of facets of computing and technology, and the expression is more recognizable than at any time prior to. The end objective is to make the helpful and effective use of information and facts to resolve uncertainly and greatly enhance productivity at just about every level unique, culture and federal government (Charlse W.L.H, 2001). On this theoretical track record is the hypothesis formulated.

Speculation: Two types of hypothesis had been formulated in this examine Null hypothesis (Ho) and Alternatively hypothesis (H1).

Null Speculation: Details Technology does not have beneficial affect on small-scale business enterprise business.

Alternatively hypothesis: Details technology has beneficial affect on small-scale business enterprise enterprises.

Selection Rule: When the noticed chi-square (X2) is larger than the important chi-square (X2) from tables of chi-square, Hi is approved and Ho is rejected and vice versa. This final decision is very similar to (Salami A and A.O. Usman, 2008).

Details Evaluation and Interpretation of Outcomes

The details from this investigation had been analyzed and outcomes interpreted in line with the investigation issues

Exploration Query 1: Does the Introduction of Details Technology have affect on small-scale business enterprise enterprises?

Table 1: Effect of Details Technology on Organization Growth and Earnings Circulation

S/N

Objects

Strongly

Concur

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

Row

Full

Details technology has improved the conventional of small-scale business enterprise business

120

(73)

ninety two

(72)

(forty eight)

(62)

256

Each and every unit of a business enterprise has benefited from Details Technology

(55)

(53)

seventeen

(36)

(46)

190

Details Technology is of no beneficial Effect to small-scale business enterprise enterprises

twelve

(80)

fifteen

(79)

103

(53)

150

(sixty eight)

280

four.

Details Technology has captivated more prospects to all business enterprise enterprises

(forty two)

(41)

ten

(28)

(36)

147

Details Technology is meant for larger scale business enterprise enterprises and not for small-scale business enterprise enterprises.

(36)

thirty

(24)

fifty

(31)

127

Column Full

287

281

188

244

one thousand

*Noticed X2 = 463.3, important X2 = 21.026, µ =.05, df =twelve.

From Table 1, the anticipated frequencies in brackets are calculated utilizing the system (Egbule J.F and D.O. Okobia, 2007).

E = Row overall x column overall ————————– (1)

Grand Full

Where by, E = anticipated Frequency and Grand Full = one thousand

ROW I

For noticed frequency = 126, utilizing equation (1)

For noticed frequency = ninety two,

For noticed frequency = 28,

For noticed frequency = 16,

ROW II

For noticed frequency = 70,

For noticed frequency = 80,

For noticed frequency = seventeen,

For noticed frequency = 23,

ROW III

For noticed frequency = twelve,

For noticed frequency = fifteen,

For noticed frequency = 103,

For noticed frequency = 150,

ROW IV

For noticed frequency = 65,

For noticed frequency = 67,

For noticed frequency = ten,

For noticed frequency = 5,

ROW V

For noticed frequency = 20,

For noticed frequency = 27,

For noticed frequency = thirty,

For noticed frequency = fifty,

Implementing the chi-square (X2) statistic as offered in (Omorogiuwa, 2006)

……………………………..(2)

Where by, O = noticed frequency and

E = anticipated frequency

By substituting into equation (2) earlier mentioned

The diploma of flexibility is provided by

df = (r-1) (c –1) …………………………….(3)

Where by, r = Number of Rows and

c = Number of Columns

From desk 1, r = 5, and c = four. df = (5-1) (four-1) = twelve

Critical price of chi-square X2 = 21.026 (from tables) at a screening price µ = .05

These outcomes demonstrates that the noticed chi-square X2=463.2 (from calculation), is larger than the important price of chi-square X2=21.026 (from tables), at a screening price of µ =.05 and diploma of flexibility df = twelve. This suggests a considerable relationship and it indicates that information and facts technology has a beneficial affect on business enterprise growth and frequently boosts revenue flow.

Exploration Query 2: Does the introduction of Details Technology in small-scale

business enterprise enterprises provide more job options for

unemployed Nigerians?

Table 2: Position options utilizing Details Technology

S/N

Objects

Strongly

Concur

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

Row

Full

Details technology has delivered a resource of revenue to lots of younger university leavers

201

(149)

152

(119)

(seventy eight)

(seventy seven)

417

Details Technology provide holidays jobs for lots of college students

116

(107)

one hundred and one

(86)

(52)

forty four

(56)

three hundred

Drastic Reduction of mass unemployment since the application of Details technology in business enterprise.

forty

(one hundred and one)

(81)

(49)

112

(52)

283

Column Full

357

286

172

185

one thousand

*Noticed chi-square X2 = 273.6, important X2=twelve.592, df = 6, µ = .05.

The outcomes of desk 2, demonstrate that Null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and alternatively hypothesis (Hi) is approved. The noticed price of chi-square X2 equal 273.6 (from calculation not revealed for usefulness), is larger than the important price of chi-square X2 = twelve.592 (from tables), at a diploma of flexibility df = 6, utilizing a screening price µ= .05. This suggests a considerable relationship implying that the introduction of information and facts technology in business enterprise provides more job vacancies for unemployed Nigerians.

Exploration Query 3: Of what relative affect is the introduction of Details

Technology in effective business enterprise management?

Table 3: Details Technology in effective business enterprise management

S/N

Objects

Strongly

Concur

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

Row

Full

Details technology greatly enhance correct arranging and execution of business enterprise approaches

102

(90)

(ninety two)

seventeen

(28)

thirty

(35)

245

Details technology helps to boost on the techniques of business enterprise-gentlemen

(seventy one)

(72)

(22)

(28)

193

Organization-gentlemen are now more time conscious with the advent of information and facts technological know-how

seventy eight

(seventy four)

(seventy five)

fifteen

(23)

(29)

201

four.

Details Technology discourages unwarranted journey.

ninety seven

(132)

102

(one hundred thirty five)

(41)

(52)

361

Column Full

367

375

114

144

one thousand

*Noticed chi-square X2 = 120.four, important X2 = 16.919, df = nine, µ = .05

The outcomes demonstrate that the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected though the alternatively hypothesis (H1) is approved. The noticed chi-square X2 = 120.four is larger than the important price of chi-square X2 = 16.919 [from tables], at a diploma of flexibility df = nine, utilizing a screening price of µ = .05. This suggests a considerable relationship, which indicates that the introduction of information and facts technology helps in effective business enterprise management.

Exploration Query four: Has the introduction of information and facts technology lowered the fee of

Fraudulent activities in business enterprise?

Table four: Details technology to struggle business enterprise fraud

S/N

Objects

Strongly

Concur

Disagree

Strongly

Disagree

Row

Full

Details technology is a weapon for combating fraudulent activities in business enterprise

(58)

(fifty four)

eighteen

(forty two)

twenty five

(55)

209

Details technology encourages dishonesty in business enterprise

(seventy eight)

forty five

(72)

seventeen

(fifty seven)

112

(seventy five)

283

Only the wealthy can properly employ information and facts technology to struggle crime

twenty five

(sixty six)

(61)

(49)

ninety seven

(sixty four)

240

four.

The use of information and facts technology help in reporting fraudsters to law enforcement agencies

136

(seventy four)

(sixty nine)

twelve

(fifty four)

(seventy one)

268

Column Full

276

256

203

265

one thousand

*Noticed chi-square X2 = 320.5, important chi-square X2 =16.919. df = nine µ = .05

The outcomes demonstrate that alternatively hypothesis (H1) is approved and the Null hypothesis is rejected. The noticed chi-square (x2=320.5) is larger than the important price of chi-square (x2 = 16.919 from tables) at a diploma of flexibility df = 16 utilizing µ = .05. This suggests a considerable relationship, which indicates that information and facts technology has lowered the fee of fraudulent activities in business enterprise.

Dialogue

The results of this examine provide practical responses to the investigation issues. On the affect of information and facts technology methods on business enterprise growth, common revenue flow and job generation, outcomes of the examine demonstrate that a the greater part of small-scale enterprises have immensely benefited in these parts. It was noticeable that some of the respondents engage in retailing of GSM elements and other information and facts technology methods, together with their merchandise and companies. This invariably, contributes to business enterprise growth, common flow of revenue and provision of jobs for the unemployed.

On the affect of information and facts technology on business enterprise and effective time management, some respondents frequently agreed as witnessed in Tables 1 to four utilizing the alternative hypothesis technique that it was beneficial. On the other hand, it was discovered that inspite of the use of information and facts technology for business enterprise promotions, most business enterprise gentlemen continue to absence efficiency in provider shipping and delivery. This may well be attributed to lousy business enterprise techniques or insufficient track record. It is thus not stunning that beneficial variations in business enterprise management are continue to not reached. On the other hand, it could be hoped that contemporary information and facts technology will support to sharpen the sense of business enterprise and time management techniques.

Conclusion and Advice

In summary, information and facts technology has improved small-scale business enterprise enterprises in Nigeria. In get to consolidate on the current level of achievement of information and facts technology in business enterprise, considerably more enhancement have to be welcomed. These involve enhancement in the level of information and facts technology companies rendered to business enterprise enterprises, vast protection (in particular in the rural parts), reduction in tariff and much better connectivity.

In line with the investigation results, it is suggested that information and facts technology provider vendors should really intensify effort to make greatest use of the significant penetration by business enterprise enterprises. This invariably, will support to enlighten the populace on the rewards connected to the applications of information and facts technology.

The tariff of all the provider vendors is far too significant. Therefore, this decreases the number of consumers that go on-line for Internet marketing and advertising. In get to reverse this trend, it is suggested that the charge deducted by the provider vendors should really be lowered to stimulate more small-scale business enterprise enterprises in Nigeria.

References

Mind K. W and Stacey C. S (2001): Applying Details Technology: A sensible Introduction to pcs and communications, 4th Version, Mc Graw-Hill Organizations Inc, New York, United states. Pp seventy eight-ninety four.

Charlse W.L.H (2001): Worldwide Organization, 2nd Version McGraw Hill Organizations, New York. Pp 100-132

Dave C etal, (2000): Internet Marketing tactic, Implementation and practice, pearson Schooling Constrained, England.

David M. K (1992) Administration Details Devices, 2nd Version, Mc Mature Hill corporations inc, United states.

Egbule J.F and Okobia D.O (2007): Exploration strategies in Schooling for Faculties and Universities, Kmensuo Instructional Publishers, Agbor. Chapter 3.

James A. O.B (2004): Administration Details Devices: Controlling Details technology in the Organization enterprises, 6th Version, McGraw Hill Organizations Inc, New York United states. Chapter 5 & 6.

Laudon K.C and. Laudon J.P (2000): Administration Details Devices: Group and Technology in the Networked enterprises, 6th Version Prentice – Corridor, Inc, United states.

Lucas H. C and Jack B (1994): “The part of Details Technology in firm structure”. Journal of management information and facts devices ten. No. four. pp 56-89.

Omorogiuwa O.K. (2006): Exploration and Used stats for the behavioural sciences: An introduction. Mindex Publishing Enterprise Constrained Benin Town. Pp 43-forty eight

Salami A.O. and Usman O.A. (2008): The socio-financial impacts of international program for cell conversation (GSM) a college college students, Journal of Financial Idea 2 (2): sixty three – 70.